This question relates to Case Study 2.

Which APA 7 in-text citation and reference are correct for this report?

Option In-text citation Reference in reference list
A (Victoria, I., 2023) Victoria, I. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf
B ("Choosing Victoria's future", 2023) Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. (2023). Infrastructure Victoria. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf
C (Infrastructure Victoria, 2023) Infrastructure Victoria. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf
D (Infrastructure Victoria, October 2023) Infrastructure Victoria. (2023, October). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf
E (n. a., 2023) No author. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. Infrastructure Victoria. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf

Select a single answer.

Question

This question relates to Case Study 2.

Which APA 7 in-text citation and reference are correct for this report?

Option	In-text citation	Reference in reference list
A	(Victoria, I., 2023)	Victoria, I. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf  
B	("Choosing Victoria's future", 2023)	Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. (2023). Infrastructure Victoria. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf  
C	(Infrastructure Victoria, 2023)	Infrastructure Victoria. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf  
D	(Infrastructure Victoria, October 2023)	Infrastructure Victoria. (2023, October). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf  
E	(n. a., 2023)	No author. (2023). Choosing Victoria's future: five urban development scenarios. Infrastructure Victoria. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf

Select a single answer.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Corporate (group) authors are cited with the organization name and year. In APA 7, a government agency or organization that produced a report is treated as the author; the reference lists the group author, year, title (sentence case, italicized), and the URL. If the author and publisher are the same organization, you omit a separate publisher element.

1) Relevant knowledge points
- Group author in-text citation format: (Organization Name, Year).
- Reference list for a group author report: Organization Name. (Year). Title of report (sentence case, italicized). URL
- Omit the publisher if it is the same as the author.
- Use year only for reports unless a full date is required.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify the author from the report: Infrastructure Victoria (a corporate/government body) → group author.
- Identify the publication date: 2023 → use (2023) in the reference and in-text.
- Identify the title: Choosing Victoria’s future: five urban development scenarios → format in sentence case and italicize in the reference.
- Publisher: same as author → omit.
- Add the URL at the end.

3) Intermediate formatting steps
- In-text: (Infrastructure Victoria, 2023).
- Reference: Infrastructure Victoria. (2023). Choosing Victoria’s future: five urban development scenarios. https://infrastructure.vic.gov.au/choosing-victorias-future.pdf

4) Why C is correct
Option C matches the APA 7 rules exactly: group author as author, year only, correct title formatting and URL, and no redundant publisher.

5) Why the other options are incorrect
- A: Treats the organization as a personal name (“Victoria, I.”) — incorrect author format.
- B: Uses the title as the author and places the title in quotes for in-text citation — incorrect; the organization is the author.
- D: Adds “October” (full month) in the date; unnecessary for a report and not the standard APA 7 practice here.
- E: States “No author” when the report clearly has an organizational author.

Conclusion: The correct APA 7 in-text citation and reference are those in option C.

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